The Nile River is approximately 4,100 miles long and was historically thought to be the longest river in the world. The second project is Lake Nasser, which is the biggest artificial lake that attracts tourists from around the world. 19 Oct 2020. Ramadan is a special time of year for Muslims that should be celebrated by non-Muslims and feel the essence of the Islamic culture. As the Nile River was seen as the source of all life, many of the most important myths of the Egyptians concern the Nile or make significant mention of it; among these is the story of Osiris, Isis, and Set and how order was established in the land. It has a length of about 4,132 miles (6,650 kilometres) and drains an area estimated at 1,293,000 square miles (3,349,000 square kilometres). Set was jealous of Osiris' power and popularity and so tricked him into laying down inside an elaborate coffin (sarcophagus) pretending he would give it as a gift to the one who fit into it the best. It became so important to life and culture that it earned the nickname “the father of African rivers.” The river used to flood on a yearly basis, but now the Aswan High Dam, built in the mid-20th century, allows surrounding countries to control the floods. The Nile is also featured in a number of Egyptian myths. The coffin floated down the Nile until it lodged in a tree at Byblos (in Phoenicia) which grew quickly around and enclosed it. It was considered the source of life by the ancient Egyptians and has played a vital role in the country's history. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. You could be one of the countries eligible for a free visa for 90 days. The Nile is composed of two tributaries: the White Nile and the Blue Nile. According to the United States Geological Survey, the Nile is about 100 miles longer than the Amazon. Sometime between 10,000 and a million years ago, a chunk of the Nile took a … The historian Waterson notes, "The Nile has played a vital part in the creation of Egypt, a process which started about five million years ago when the river began to flow northwards into Egypt" (7-8). Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The University of Texas at Dallas explains that the geological history of the Nile River is fairly short, with the oldest of five periods dating back six million years to when the Mediterranean Sea evaporated. Wherever a part of Osiris was buried, there a nome eventually grew up. When Osiris sits in the coffin, his brother immediately closed it upon him and threw in on the Nile river. Egypt without the Nile is just a desert. Even in some of the regions in which the average rainfall is sufficient for cultivation, marked annual variations in precipitation often make cultivation without irrigation risky. Its basin includes parts of Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Uganda, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Sudan, and the cultivated part of Egypt. The Nile River basin, which covers about one-tenth of the area of the continent, served as the stage for the evolution and decay of advanced civilizations in the ancient world. The gods were intimately involved in the lives of the ancient Egyptians and it was believed that they caused the river’s annual floods which deposited the fertile black soil along the arid banks. Nile River, Arabic Baḥr Al-Nīl or Nahr Al-Nīl, the longest river in the world, called the father of African rivers. Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization. Besides swimming, the people enjoyed water jousting in which two-man teams in canoes, a `fighter' and a `rower', would compete trying to knock each other's fighter out of the boat. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. The soil surrounding the Nile is very fertile, unlike the arid landscape typical in the rest of the country. She left her sister, Nepthys, to guard the body from Set. The Nile is a major river in northeastern Africa. Books The Ancient History Encyclopedia logo is a registered EU trademark. Have a Nile Cruise from Aswan to Luxor to discover the great Valley of the Kings, Hatshepsut Temple, Colossi of Memnon, and the astonishing Karnak Temple. The Nile river used to provide the ancient Egyptians with fertile land. Finding it, he hacked the corpse into pieces, and scattered them throughout Egypt. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Author of. The … Without the Nile River, the ancient Egyptian Civilization would not have survived. The Nile river used to provide the ancient Egyptians with fertile land. We are an expert team and we are happy to talk to you. Yes, it is available all years. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. Osiris' wife, Isis, went searching for her husband's body in order to give it proper burial and, after looking in many places, came upon some children playing by the Nile who told her where she could find the coffin. https://www.ancient.eu/nile/. The Milky Way was considered a celestial mirror of the Nile and it was believed the sun god Ra drove his ship across it. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Permanent settlements gradually rose along the banks of the river beginning c. 6000 BCE and this was the beginning of Egyptian civilization and culture which became the world's first recognizable nation state by c.3150 BCE. The soil along the Nile was rich with different growing crops, which are wheat “the main Egyptians staple food”, papyrus “that were used in paper, baskets, and sandals”, and flax “that was used in manufacturing linen clothes for clothing”. (2009, September 02). Improvements in air, rail, and highway facilities beginning in the 20th century, however, greatly reduced dependency on the waterway. They are very simples, If you want to apply for a Visa On Arrival that lasts for 30 days then you should be one of the eligible countries(check the link), have a valid passport with at least 6 months remaining and pay 25$ USD entry fee in cash. Djoser's vizier, Imhotep, suggested the king travel to Elephantine to see whether the dream's message was true. Yes, you can enter the pyramids for the small fee of 20$. Mark, published on 02 September 2009 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. You can also combine Nile cruise with amazing culture tours around Egypt to visit Cairo landmarks and enjoy fun days on Hurghada, all of these you can find through our tour packages to Egypt. When Isis arrived at Byblos, in the course of her search, she recognized her husband's corpse was inside the tree and, after endearing herself to the king, requested the pillar as a favor. Nile. The availability of water from the Nile throughout the year, combined with the area’s high temperatures, makes possible intensive cultivation along its banks. Another popular river sport was boat racing and displays of skill such as were described by the Roman playwright Seneca the Younger (1st century CE) who owned land in Egypt: The people embark [on the Nile] on small boats, two to a boat, and one rows while the other bails out water. Egypt Nile River Facts. The story of Osiris and Isis is one of the most interesting myths in the ancient culture and how Osiris has been betrayed by his brother Set deity. Mark, J. J. Ancient History in depth: The Story of the Nile, Egyptian Myth and Legend: Chapter II: The Tragedy of Osiris, Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt by Margaret Bunson. It was considered the source of life by the ancient Egyptians and has played a vital role in the country's history. Do not hesitage to give us a call. It has made it easy for cities and civilizations along the Nile to grow. Its most distant source is the Kagera River in Burundi. The Djed, according to some interpretations, represents Osiris' backbone when he was encased in the tree or, according to others, the tree itself from which Isis removed Osiris' body to bring him back to life. He has taught history, writing, literature, and philosophy at the college level. The Nile River is an international river that covers eleven countries including the Republic of Sudan, Congo, Kenya, and particularly Egypt. Through the Nile, The ancient Egyptians have developed methods for the irrigation system, which helped them to grow and to have such a unique civilization. It provides drinking water, a source of irrigation for crops, and the most important thing is the fertile soil used to grow crops. The Nile, which had received Osiris' penis, was made fertile because of this and gave life to the people of the land. The river became known as the “Father of Life” and the “Mother of All Men” and was considered a manifestation of the god Hapi, who blessed the land with life, as well as with the goddess Ma’at, who embodied the concepts of truth, harmony, and balance. Last modified September 02, 2009. Web. The average of low temperatures vary from 9.5 °C in the wintertime to 23 °C in the summertime and average high temperatures vary from 17 °C in the wintertime to 32 °C in the summertime while the temperature is moderate all along the coasts. Isis, Osiris’ wife started searching for her husband to give him a proper burial but some children told her where to find him which shows the divination of the Nile.
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